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Bonifacio and the katipunan

1. Bonifacio and the Katipunan 1892-1896

2. The failure of the reform movement led even a reformist like Marcelo H. Del Pilar to think of revolution. “Insurection”, Del Pilar wrote in La Solidaridad, “is the last remedy, especially when the people have acquired the belief that peaceful means to secure the remedies for evils prove futile.

3. The Founding of the Katipunan • On July 7, 1892, the newspapers published the news about the arrest of Rizal the previous night and the governor-general’s order to banish him to Dapitan. • Patriotic Filipinos met at a house on Azcarraga Street, Manila (now Claro M. Recto Ave.) these men were Andres Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa, Deodato Arellano. • They organized the secret society called “Kataastaasan Kagalanggalangang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan KKK or Katipunan)

4. The Aims and Structure of the Katipunan • Andres Bonifacio laid down three primary objectives of the Katipunan: civic, political, and moral. • Civic – was based on the principle of self-help and the defense of the weak and the poor. • Political – was the separation of the Philippines from Spain to secure the independence of the colony. • Moral – focused on the teaching of good manners, hygiene, and good moral character.

5. The Katipunan Government • The Katipunan had three governing bodies: The Kataastaasang Sanggunian or Supreme Council, the Sangguniang Bayan or Provincial Council, and Sangguniang Balangay or Popular Council. • Respectively, they were the equivalent of the central government, the provincial government, and the municipal government. • Judicial Council – Sangguniang Hukuman • Katipunan Assembily – was composed of the members of the Supreme Council and the presidents of the Provincial Council.

6. • Secret Chamber – Composed of Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, and Pio Valenzuela. • The Chamber sentenced members who exposed the secrets of the Katipunan.

7. The Katipunan El

Bonifacio

1. Andres Bonifacio y de Castro (Andres Bonifacio)1863 - 1897

2. Andres BonifacioBorn: November 30, 1863 in Tondo, ManilaFather: Santiago Bonifacio, a tailor; served as teniente mayorMother: Catalina de Castro, a mestiza of Spanish descent; a cigarette factory workerEldest childBrothers: Ciriaco, Procopio, and TroadioSisters: Espiridonia and Maxima

3. Work and EducationEducated in TondoDropped out of school when he became orphaned at the age of 14Self-educated manRead the following books: La Historia de la Revolucion Francesa, Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo, Les Miserables,Kodigo Penal at Sibil, BuhayngmgaPangunong Estados Unidos

4. Work and EducationSupported himself and his siblings by selling canes and paper fansWorked as a messenger and later on became a sales agent at Fleming and Company;Worked as a warehouseman at Fresell and Company

5. Married LifeFirst wife: Monica, died of leprosySecond wife:Gregoria de JesusMarried in 1893Roman Catholic ritesBefore the freemasonsSon Andres died of small poxAndres and Gregoria

6. Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalang, Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK)

7. Bonifacio and the KatipunanBonifaciowas a member of Rizal’s La Liga FilipinaBonifacio formed the Katipunan on July 7, 1892 after Rizal was banished to DapitanKKK – a secret society whose members were anti-Spanish Filipino who believed that freedom can only be obtained through armed revolution

8. Three Objectives of the KatipunanPolitical - working for the separation of the Philippines from Spain. Moral - teaching of good manners, hygiene, good morals, and attacking dogmatism, religious fanaticism, and weakness of character. Civicaim - revolved around the principle of self-help and the defense of the poor and the oppressed.

9. Bonifacio and the KatipunanBonifacio used the pseudonym May pag-asa("There is Hope").When membership was extended to females, Bonifacio's wife Gregoria de Jesús was one of the leading members.Bonifa

Andres bonifacio death

Andres Bonifacio: Biographical notes. Part VI: March 22, 1897 - April 14, 1897

ANDRES BONIFACIO Biographical notes Part VI: March 22, 1897 – April 14, 1897 22 Mar 1897 Delegates gather at the Tejeros casa hacienda, near Tanza, for a convention that has been recognized ever since as a pivotal event in the revolution. Its proceedings and its consequences are still hotly debated to this day. The leading protagonists (the accounts name fifteen Magdiwangs, eight Magdalos, Andres Bonifacio and two other Manileños) were seated at a long table. A crowd of more than 200 others, a mix of delegates and onlookers, mostly from Magdiwang towns, stood around the sides. The large upstairs sala in the estate house was “absolutely filled to capacity”.1 Emilio Aguinaldo was not present – he was at Pasong Santol, south of Imus, where a Spanish assault was expected imminently. Jacinto Lumbreras (the Magdiwang secretary) took the chair at the start of the meeting, and it seems there was first a very brief discussion on the Spanish peace overtures. Bonifacio argued strongly against talking to the enemy, and the delegates, he told Jacinto, overwhelmingly backed his view that the fight should go on, that freedom was not negotiable.2 The next matter for debate, the chairman proposed, should be the fortification and defense of the Magdiwang zone against Spanish invasion. But many delegates had gone to Tejeros expecting to establish and elect a new government, and wanted to press ahead without further ado.3 Until a government was formed, Antonio Montenegro said, “we revolutionists can be likened merely to a wretched group of bandits or, worse yet, to savage beasts (“…tayong lahat ng mga naghihimagsik, ay mapapatulad sa isang hamak na pangkat lamang ng mga tulisan o kaya’y 1 masahol pa rito, o kaparis lamang tayo ng mga hayop na walang mga katuwiran.”) Santiago Alvarez, captain general of the Magdiwang army, responded furiously to these remarks; his bodyguards readied their guns. The sessi

Andres Bonifacio

Andres Bonifacio (1863-1897), a Filipino revolutionary hero, founded the Katipunan, a secret society which spearheaded the uprising against the Spanish and laid the groundwork for the first Philippine Republic.

Andres Bonifacio was born in Tondo, Manila, on Nov. 30, 1863. He grew up in the slums and knew from practical experience the actual conditions of the class struggle in his society. Orphaned early, he interrupted his primary schooling in order to earn a living as a craftsman and then as clerk-messenger and agent of foreign commercial firms in Manila. Absorbing the teachings of classic rationalism from the works of José Rizal, Victor Hugo's Les Miserables, Eugène Sue's The Wandering Jew, books on the French Revolution, and the lives of the presidents of the United States, Bonifacio acquired an understanding of the dynamics of the sociohistorical process. This led him to join the Liga Filipina, which Rizal organized in 1892 for the purpose of uniting and intensifying the nationalist movement for reforms.

When the Liga was dissolved upon the arrest and banishment of Rizal, Bonifacio formed the Katipunan in 1892 and thus provided the rallying point for the people's agitation for freedom, independence, and equality. The Katipunan patterned its initiation rites after the Masonry, but its ideological principles derived from the French Revolution and can be judged radical in its materialistic-historical orientation. The Katipunan exalted work as the source of all value. It directed attention to the unjust class structure of the colonial system, the increased exploitation of the indigenous population, and consequently the need to affirm the collective strength of the working masses in order to destroy the iniquitous system.

When the society was discovered on Aug. 19, 1896, it had about 10,000 members. On August 23 Bonifacio and his followers assembled at Balintawak and agreed to begin the armed struggle. Two days later the first skirmis

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